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Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is a by-product of chlorine production (see Sect. 2.1(g) ). It ranks third in tonnage production and is widely used in such processes as soap and detergent production, rubber reclaiming, petroleum manufacturing, rayon manufacture, and in the pulp and paper industry, and in many other applications.
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When added to the laundry detergent, the alkalies react with the fats in the formula to make soap. The first soap and detergent makers used plant ashes to produce alkalis. Today they are chemically produced by running electricity through salt water to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or caustic soda and potassium hydroxide (KOH) or caustic potash.
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Soap. Both sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are used in making soap. Potassium hydroxide soaps are softer and more easily dissolved in water than sodium hydroxide soaps.. Sodium hydroxide is commonly the major constituent in commercial and industrial oven cleaners and clogged drain openers, due to its grease-dissolving abilities.
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sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a corrosive white crystalline solid that contains the Na + ( sodium) cation and the OH โ ( hydroxide) anion. It readily absorbs moisture until it dissolves. Sodium hydroxide is the most widely used industrial alkali and is often used in drain and oven cleaners. It is highly corrosive to animal and vegetable tissue.
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Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1] [2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OHโ .
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Soap and detergent - Fatty Acids, Sodium Hydroxide, Glycerin: Fatty alcohols are important raw materials for anionic synthetic detergents. Development of commercially feasible methods in the 1930s for obtaining these provided a great impetus to synthetic-detergent production. The first fatty alcohols used in production of synthetic detergents were derived from body oil of the sperm or.
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A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties in dilute solutions ((Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\))) . These substances are usually alkylbenzene sulfonates, a family of compounds that are similar to soap but are more soluble in hard water, because the polar sulfonate (of detergents) is less likely than the polar carboxylate (of soap) to bind to calcium and other.
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Sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide is then used to convert the fatty acids to their sodium salts (soap molecules): Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\) Saponification. How Soap Works.. In the reaction below, the sodium cation in soap is replaced by calcium to form calcium stearate. The white precipitate, also termed as soap scum could form deposits on.
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It is an exothermic reaction that releases a large amount of heat due to hydrate formation. 2HCl + 2NaOH โ 2NaCl + 2H2O โข NaOH is insoluble in organic solvents and in a polar medium, it is soluble. NaOH is soluble in alcohols (methanol, ethanol) and H 2 O. When NaOH is dissolved in water, it dissociates into sodium ions and hydroxide ions.
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Sodium hydroxide is overall considered safe for general use โ but only in small amounts, at lower concentrations. At higher concentrations, sodium hydroxide is unsafe. It can cause chemical.
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The sodium hydroxide then reacts with the fatty acids, forming sodium salts. The sodium salt of a fatty acid is a soap. Sodium hydroxide is also an important raw material in the manufacture of inorganic compounds, especially sodium and calcium hypochlorite, sodium cyanide, and a number of sulfur-containing compounds.
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However, some common household products, including drain and toilet bowl cleaners and some dishwasher detergents, contain damaging caustic substances, such as sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid. When swallowed, caustic substances can burn the tongue, mouth, esophagus, and stomach. These burns may cause perforations (holes) of the esophagus or.
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Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide, is a highly alkaline chemical that has a wide range of applications in various industries, including the detergent industry. In its pearl and flake form, caustic soda is used as a key ingredient in the manufacture of laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and other cleaning products.
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Industrially, the base used most often is sodium hydroxide, which is also called lye. The main difference between potassium and sodium soaps is consistency โ usually, potassium makes a softer, more water-soluble soap than sodium. How soaps get made Soap-making is a relatively simple process.
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Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture soaps and a variety of detergents used in homes and commercial applications. Chlorine bleach is produced by combining chlorine and sodium hydroxide. Drain cleaners that contain sodium hydroxide convert fats and grease that can clog pipes into soap, which dissolves in water.
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Overview CAS No. 1310-73-2 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has no smell. It is made of solid white crystals that absorb water from the air. Sodium hydroxide is caustic. Sodium hydroxide can harm workers who come in contact with it. The level of harm depends upon the amount, duration, and activity.
